Thursday, December 26, 2019

Nietzsche s Views On Religion And Morality - 1166 Words

When it comes to the topic of religion, most of us readily agree that there are certain rules and actions that God requires of his followers. Where this agreement usually ends, however, is on the question of why we follow the rules. Whereas some are convinced that following God’s rules leads to heaven, others maintain that religion is only a code of conduct that can get in the way of happiness by stripping us of our passions. In â€Å"Morality as Anti-Nature,† Nietzsche claims that all religions are founded in a moral code of conduct that is supposed to lead to happiness. However, Nietzsche thinks that these religious rules keep people from being happy, because passions are part of what make people happy. I agree with Nietzsche that every religion and morality is founded on a general principle of ‘do this and do that,’ and I also agree that religions and morality do some damage to our passions. However, I think Nietzsche doesn’t realize that religio ns are more than just a code of conduct: they create communities that fulfill a person’s social needs. Nietzsche describes a common religious formula and then explains why the formula is based on a great error. Nietzsche says that â€Å"The most general formula on which every religion and morality is founded is: ‘Do this and that, refrain from this and that – then you will be happy! Otherwise†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Every morality, every religion, is this imperative† (352) Nietzsche claims that every morality and religion’s function is solely a code ofShow MoreRelatedNietzsche And Murdoch s Theme Of Morality978 Words   |  4 Pages Nietzsche and Murdoch’s Theme of Morality One of the nineteenth century’s greatest philosophers is Friedrich Nietzsche. Nietzsche was ideas regarding morality and nature continue to be debated today. Irish Murdoch another great philosopher writer of the 20th century wrote about philosophy regarding religion and nature. Both philosophers discuss the theme of morality in contrasting ways. Nietzsche believes in individual morality from the natural perspective and religion not from nature. MurdochRead MoreFriedrich Nietzsche s Influence On Modern Intellectual History And Western Philosophy1559 Words   |  7 PagesFriedman Wilhelm Nietzsche was a German philosopher, poet, cultural critic, philologist, and a Greek and Latin scholar. His work has had lots of influence on modern intellectual history and Western philosophy in general. It revolved mainly around art, philology, religion and science. He wrote about morality, tragedy, aesthetics, atheism, epistemology and consciousness. However, some of Nietzsche s most profou nd elements of his philosophy include his powerful critique of reason and truth. He arguedRead MoreNietzsche s Philosophy On Personal Life And Education1200 Words   |  5 PagesFriedrich Nietzsche was a German, writer, poet, thinker and philopher. He was renowned for his ideas on the end of religion, existentialism and the concept of good and evil. Nietzsche focused essentially on the end of religion. He once declared that â€Å"God is dead†, a statement that decidedly defied Christianity as well as morality. According to the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, he was rapt in the development of â€Å"individual and cultural health, and believed in life, creativity, power, and down-to-earthRead MorePlato s Allegory Of The Cave Essay1630 Words   |  7 PagesThe lasting condition impressed by an image can sometimes like as a flame, spreading throughout other discourses for long after its initial kindling. Such is the case with Plato s allegory of the cave, which has for o ver 2,500 years inspired significant contributions to theorizations of truth. Despite the age of Plato s work, the truth in the allegory is demonstrated by its own universality; as a formative piece of literature, the story acts as a gateway into Western discourses of truth. Truth remainsRead MoreComparing Nietzsche And Freud On Crime And Punishment931 Words   |  4 PagesConception of civilization in Nietzsche and Freud in relation to crime and punishment Nietzsche critiqued modern civilization since the entire scheme of modern society went against his philosophy. Nietzsche was afraid modern society and religion would bring the individuals to nihilistic voids, as they would eventually turn into uninteresting herds of controlled animals. Nietzsche wishes the individuals to achieve self-awareness, in that individuals would act upon themselves for what they trulyRead MoreGender Inequality And Idealized Beauty Standards1688 Words   |  7 Pagesmore demands on both males and females and is a form of oppression, and her beliefs regarding ideal beauty. Wolf’s ideas surrounding gender inequality relate to Nietzsche s theory regarding master and slave morality and man’s struggle to be a free spirit because those who adhere to society s dictates on ideal beauty also have â€Å"slave morality†. An important aspect of gender inequality are the demands and expectations that are placed on each gender. Males are supposed to be seen as toughRead MoreImmanuel Kant And Friedrich Nietzsche Essay1504 Words   |  7 Pagesand Friedrich Nietzsche are two widely acclaimed philosophers due to the groundwork they made towards the philosophical principles of morality. However, even though they both have openly discussed their views, they have ended up contradicting each other. Kant implied that morality is not learned, but rather predestined, whereas Nietzsche alluded to a experience based morality, or one that is learned through actions and memories. Although these two men have accepted views of morality, the ideas ofRead MoreBook Report On The Book Le Gai Savoir 1421 Words   |  6 Pagesfirst time I heard about Nietzsche was a few years ago, in my chemistry class. I had a friend who spent all his time, in science classes, reading books about philosophy. His nonconformity caught my attention. I started to be interested by the big mustache of the author on the cover page of his book Le Gai Savoir, because I knew, of course, that all authors with big mustache – such as Victor Hugo and Albert Einstein – wrote about great things! So I started to read Nietzsche s works. Then, one day, myRead MoreStephen Jay Gould And Friedrich Nietzsche1443 Words   |  6 PagesReligion Verses Nature If God is good and if creation reveals his goodness, why do nature’s victims suffer? Is God dead? These are the questions that the two essays from Stephen Jay Gould and Friedrich Nietzsche ask and attempt to answer. Stephen Jay Gould was a well-known professor of geology, zoology and curator of invertebrate paleontology in the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard University. Gould feels that animals are too complex to be compared to humans and deciding what is good andRead MoreNietzches Master and Slave Morality2209 Words   |  9 PagesIn Of the Genealogy of Morality, Nietzsche sought to provide context for what he saw as the central value system of the society in which he lived: slave-morality. Nietzsche saw morality as reflective of the conditions in which its proponents were brought up. He saw the roots of slave morality in oppression and slavery, and posits that it grew as a reaction to the morality of the masters of the time. What follows is a simplified account o f Nietzsche’s master-slave dichotomy, and what he saw as the

Wednesday, December 18, 2019

Don Imus Is Decidedly Cute And Catchy - 1266 Words

The jingle is decidedly cute and catchy, both annoying and familiar. You know the tune: one-eight seven seven kars 4 kids. Don Imus was caught ranting about it in 2010 as it played during a commercial break on his radio show. Radio duo Opie and Anthony echoed the sentiment, saying that â€Å"the commercial goes right into your very soul.† The opening segment to a December 2014 Saturday Night Live segment parodying the United States Military torture report joked the earworm was created by the same psychologists who developed the torture techniques and wondered whether the charity helps the kids or the cars. The jingle belongs to a national charitable organization that has a presence in every state, as well as countless billboards, Internet advertisements, and a recently released television commercial (click if you dare) that puts adorable faces to the sweet voices behind the ditty: four goofy-looking kids clad in ’80s-band style clothes, lip-syncing and rocking out on signature-pink guitars. Besides its impeccable branding, the charity blitzes listeners with exciting phrases like â€Å"maximum tax deduction,† â€Å"free vacation voucher,† and the catchy phrase: â€Å"donate your car today.† But the ads conveniently leave out how it all works or where the money goes. And while the SNL clip was a joke, it also raises an obvious question: How exactly do cars go to help kids—and which kids? With rare exceptions, like after Hurricane Sandy, the organization does not issue statements about its

Tuesday, December 10, 2019

Business & Corporations Law Vines v ASIC Samples for Students †MyAssi

Question: Discuss about the Business Corporations Law Vines v ASIC. Answer: Introduction The officers and directors in the companies across the globe have been provided the duty through the legislations to work in the best interest of the company, along with a number of other duties. In the same manner, in Australia, the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth) enforces various duties on the directors, which have to be followed. The Corporations Act 2001 puts forward such duties for the directors, along with the officers of the company (Latimer, 2012). The rationale behind enforcing these duties on the officers and directors is that the company is managed by or under the directions given by the officers and directors. The officers and directors are in a position of trust and their position enables them to use it for their private welfare. Some of the duties covered in this act relate to the duty of care, good faith, use of position, etc (Australian Institute of Company Directors, 2017). Vines v ASIC [2006] NSWSC 760 is one of such cases, where the duty of care, set out under the governing act, was breached by the officer of the company. Through this judgment, a clarification was given by the court regarding the responsibilities of the officers of the company, especially in cases relating to the forecasts of the profit during takeover (Australasian Legal Information Institute, 2006). The following parts cover a detail of this case. Vines v ASIC (2006) In this case, Geoffrey William Vines was the previous CFO, aka the chief financial officer in GIO Australia Holdings Limited. It was alleged that Vines had contravened the duty of care, when it came to drawing the forecasts regarding the profits, under the takeover bid (Jacobson, 2007). In 2011, the Australian Securities and Investments Commission, aka ASIC initiated the civil proceedings against Vines. This was in addition to the initiation of proceedings against Timothy John Henry, as well as, Francis Timothy Robertson, both of whom were the executives in the company. The proceedings were started regarding the Part B Statement which was published in the year of 1998 by GIO Australia Holdings Limited and that time, the takeover bid was being carried on (Piper Alderman, 2007). This particular statement contained a profit forecast of $80 million, particularly from the reinsurance division of the GIO Australia Holdings Limited. At the same time though, the reinsurance division of the company faced some major allegations due to the hurricane which struck in September 1998, i.e., Hurricane Georges, at both the Puerto Rico and the Virgin Island (Webster and Swan, 2007). One of the sections, i.e., section 232(4) of the previous applicable act, i.e., the Corporations Law 1989 was claimed to have been violated by Vines and the other two executives and this is often considered as the predecessor of the Corporations Act, 2001s section 181(1), along with section 232(2) of the old act (Webster and Swan, 2007). This section put a duty on the directors and officers to act with good faith and the same was a civil obligation. The issue was mostly related to the rationality of including the $80 million profit forecast, due to the claims and accusations pertaining to the exposure to Georges (Piper Alderman, 2007). In this case, it was held that Vines had contravened four different provisions under the previous Corporations Act as he failed in disclosing the relevant information to the company even when he was obligated to do so, due to his position of CFO in the company. In face of the allegations, Vines pleaded honesty defense as per section 1317S (Stephens Lawyers Consultants, 2007). Duties Breached Section 232 (2) of the Corporations Act 1989 puts an obligation over the officers of the particular body corporate to act in an honest manner, at all times, while exercising the powers which have been given to them, and also while discharging the obligation or duties which have been put on them due to the office they hold. Section 232 (4) of the Corporations Act 1989 puts another obligation on the officers of the particular body corporate to exercise the reasonable degree of diligence and care at all the times, while exercising the powers which have been given to them, and also while discharging the obligation or duties which have been put on them due to the office they hold (Jade, 2017a). The present day act, i.e., the Corporations Act, 2001 puts a civil obligation on the officers and directors of the company to exercise the powers which have been given to them, along with the discharge of the duties put on them, for a proper purpose, along with the same being in the best interests of the company and in good faith (Federal Register of Legislation, 2017). A breach of this section attracts the civil penalty contained in section 1317E of the company, which relates to the making of a declaration of contravention by the court (Australasian Legal Information Institute, 2017). Decision of the Court It was acknowledged by the Court of Appeal that there was no need of establishing a high order of negligence for the standard of care which has been set out in the old act, i.e., in the Corporations Laws section 232(4), when the same is compared to the duty which is provided through the general law. In the view of the court, the standard set out for care and diligence, which in this case was applicable upon Vines, did not extend to the contents covered in the Part B Statement (Webster and Swan, 2007). In addition to this, the information which was made available, fell in the structure of the procedure of due diligence. This was designed for ensuring that the final disclose which were made to the shareholders of the company were materially and adequately finalized and were as per the law. In addition to this, the disclosure were made in a manner which could allow the safeguarding of the individuals who were involved in this scenario, from the liability, which may be established in case of a defect being established at a future time period (Webster and Swan, 2007). The finding of Justice Austin, made in the earlier case relating to the contravention of duties by Vines for being an officer of the company were upheld by the Court of Appeal on three key grounds: The instance at which the management sign-off was signed by the Vines, relating to the due diligence report, which necessitated the advice to the committee of the company relating to the due diligence, in the matter of assumptions made for the profit forecast of $80 million, in absence of taking the required positive steps. The failure on part of Vines for informing this due diligence committee of the company regarding him having no issue regarding the reliability of forecasted profit of the company. And lastly, when he failed in giving the proper attention to the facts, irrespective of the attainment of the same by the reinsurance division of GIO, in an estimated time period after the Part B Statement was issued, but before the takeover process could end (Webster and Swan, 2007). However, the Court of Appeals did overturn some of the contentions which were made by the ASIC relating to some specific issues. Further, it was held by the Court of Appeal that there was no violation on part of Vines, relating to his duty of care, in the following cases: When an unqualified statement of management confidence was made by Vines on November 9th, 1998 to the board, regarding the profit forecast, in the reinsurance division of GIO. At the instance when Vines failed in providing the required information relating to the bases of the profit calculations, for the made forecast in his email dated November 22nd, 1998, to the due diligence committee, in addition to the report which formed the base for the media release sent on November 17th, 1998 (Webster and Swan, 2007). Even though it was held by the Court of Appeals that Vines had acted in a manner of honesty, the relief could not be granted to Vines due to the seriousness of the violations. It was also held by the court that Vines had to consider, the fact that the material information had to be disclosed or not, regarding which he had the knowledge. As per the findings in each of the cases, Vines acted out in a manner which had the effect of leaving out the substantial information. The failure of Vines, in providing the material information to the directors, left the directors to make the decisions based on mostly the incomplete facts (Stephens Lawyers Consultants, 2007). Geoffrey William Vines was also held responsible for making reliance over the senior executive who inaccurately reported a critical financial matter to him. This senior executive had been given the operational responsibility on the matter of the report. Though, it was the responsibility of Vines to investigate upon the report which was presented to him, due to his position as the chief financial officer, and he had to be satisfied about the presented report, by conducting an inquiry on his own behalf for the report to be valid. The grounds of heavy responsibilities, along with workload and the associated pressure were not considered as sufficient general excuses for Vines to have failed the discharge of his duties (Stephens Lawyers Consultants, 2007). In this case, the position of chief financial officer was considered as being equally relevant to the position of a director in a company. This position was accepted by the judges as being one with the special skills for a large company. And Vines had been appointed as one as he had special skill set. It was held by Justice Austin that the degree of diligence and care which was expected from Vines, encompassed the special skills which he had brought to the office, and for the degree of diligence and care which had to be exercised by Vines, the same in context of the actions of a reasonable person had to be judged (Black, 2015). Vines applied for relief from liability arising on 7 different contraventions, which were identified by the trial judge, i.e., Austin J. and the penalty imposed by the trial judge was appealed by both Vines and the ASIC (Australian Institute of Company Directors, 2011). When it was held that there was indeed a breach of the duties set out in the Corporations Act 2001, as per the draft presented by ASIC, a declaration of contravention was made by the court of law. In addition to this, the disqualification orders were made for both Robertson and Vines for a period totaling to three years, and the same was made for Fox, for a period totaling to twelve years. Along with the period for which the individuals were disqualified, they were also awarded with pecuniary penalty orders, which put a penalty of $100,000 on Vines, of $50,000 on Robertson, and lastly of $220,000 on Fox. This was coupled by a compensation order passed against Fox, to such amount of AUS dollar which amounted to the equivalent of US$143,750, as per the rates of exchange on the date of June 3rd, 1999. The costs borne by ASIC were also held to be paid by the three in proportions of 22% for Vines, of 28% for Robertson, and lastly of 33% for Fox (Jade, 2017b). Conclusion The case study of this case, i.e., the case of Vines v ASIC could be summarized to state that the officer of the company, i.e., Vines, Fox and Robertson had failed in the duties of care and diligence, which have been put on them due to the applicability of Corporations Act, along with the duty of acting with good faith, as they were the executive officer of the GIO Australia Holdings Limited. The judgment given in this case helps in clarifying, as well as, in establishing the duties and responsibilities which have been affixed on the executives of the company, particularly in the matter relating to the forecast of the profit, in a takeover bid. Apart from this, a broad interpretation of the judgment given in this case highlights that it is the duty of the executive officers and the directors of the company to make certain that the information which is given to the companys shareholders, for making the investment decisions are not only accurate, but also complete in all the material aspects. References Australasian Legal Information Institute. (2006) ASIC v Vines [2006] NSWSC 760 (2 August 2006). [Online] Australasian Legal Information Institute. Available from: https://www.austlii.edu.au/cgi-bin/sinodisp/au/cases/nsw/NSWSC/2006/760.html?stem=0synonyms=0query=Geoffrey%20William%20Vines [Accessed on: 21/04/17] Australasian Legal Information Institute. (2017) Corporations Act 2001 - Sect 181. [Online] Australasian Legal Information Institute. Available from: https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/consol_act/ca2001172/s181.html [Accessed on: 21/04/17] Australian Institute of Company Directors. (2011) Directors Counsel. [Online] Australian Institute of Company Directors. Available from: https://www.companydirectors.com.au/director-resource-centre/publications/company-director-magazine/2011-back-editions/may/directors-counsel-the-skills-you-need [Accessed on: 21/04/17] Australian Institute of Company Directors. (2017) What are the duties of directors?. [Online] Australian Institute of Company Directors. Available from: https://www.companydirectors.com.au/membership/the-informed-director/what-are-the-general-duties-of-directors [Accessed on: 21/04/17] Black, S. (2015) Australia: The responsibilities of becoming a director. [Online] Mondaq. Available from: https://www.mondaq.com/australia/x/412934/Directors+Officers/The+responsibilities+of+becoming+a+director [Accessed on: 21/04/17] Federal Register of Legislation. (2017) Corporations Act 2001. [Online] Federal Register of Legislation. Available from: https://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/C2013C00003 [Accessed on: 21/04/17] Jacobson, D. (2007) ASIC v Vines Appeal Decided. [Online] Bright Law. Available from: https://www.brightlaw.com.au/asic-v-vines-appeal-decided/ [Accessed on: 21/04/17] Jade. (2017a) Corporations Act 1989 No. 109 Of 1989 - Table Of Provisions. [Online] Jade. Available from: https://jade.io/article/218423/section/6392 [Accessed on: 21/04/17] Jade. (2017b) ASIC v Vines [2006] NSWSC 760. [Online] Jade. Available from: https://jade.io/article/1022 [Accessed on: 21/04/17] Latimer, P. (2012) Australian Business Law 2012. 31st ed. Sydney, NSW: CCH Australia Limited. Piper Alderman. (2007) Piper Alderman Legal Update. [Online] Piper Alderman. Available from: https://www.piperalderman.com.au/__files/f/4017/PA%20eBulletin%20June%202007.pdf [Accessed on: 21/04/17] Stephens Lawyers Consultants. (2007) Corporations Law Update: Recent Decisions About Directors' Duties And Liabilities. [Online] Stephens Lawyers Consultants. Available from: https://www.stephens.com.au/Sites/2196/Images%20Files/Newsletters/October%202007%20-%20Corporations%20Law%20Update.pdf [Accessed on: 21/04/17] Webster, J., and Swan, C. (2007) Focus: Implications Of Vines v ASIC. [Online] Allens. Available from: https://www.allens.com.au/pubs/ma/fomamay07.htm [Accessed on: 21/04/17]

Monday, December 2, 2019

Victory & Despair The Roaring Twenties Essays - Literature

Victory Despair: The Roaring Twenties Hemenway's World War 1 Which best describes the purpose of style in writing? to make reading the text more enjoyable and interesting to the audience to indulge writers' impulses and help separate them from other writers to present information in a way appropriate to writers' audiences and purposes to elevate the language of the writing to a higher, more sophisticated level Which best describes the purpose of style in writing? to make reading the text more enjoyable and interesting to the audience to indulge writers' impulses and help separate them from other writers to present information in a way appropriate to writers' audiences and purposes to elevate the language of the writing to a higher, more sophisticated level Read the excerpt from Hemingway's A Farewell to Arms . "It could not be worse," Passini said respectfully. "There is nothing worse than war." "Defeat is worse." "I do not believe it," Passini said still respectfully. "What is defeat? You go home." "They come after you. They take your home. They take your sisters." "I don't believe it," Passini said. "They can't do that to everybody. Let everybody defend his home. Let them keep their sisters in the house." This excerpt exemplifies how Hemingway uses short sentences that are still loaded with meaning. contain very little more meaning. are purposefully difficult to understand. hold limited symbolic value. Read the excerpt from Hemingway's A Farewell to Arms . "It could not be worse," Passini said respectfully. "There is nothing worse than war." "Defeat is worse." "I do not believe it," Passini said still respectfully. "What is defeat? You go home." "They come after you. They take your home. They take your sisters." The use of informal diction in A Farewell to Arms robs the passage of having a deeper meaning. helps to maintain the realism of the dialogue. lends an air of absurdity to the dialogue. reduces the readability of the passage. Read the excerpt from Hemingway's A Farewell to Arms . "It could not be worse," Passini said respectfully. "There is nothing worse than war." "Defeat is worse." "I do not believe it," Passini said still respectfully. "What is defeat? You go home." "They come after you. They take your home. They take your sisters." The use of informal diction in A Farewell to Arms robs the passage of having a deeper meaning. helps to maintain the realism of the dialogue. lends an air of absurdity to the dialogue. reduces the readability of the passage. Read the excerpt from Hemingway's A Farewell to Arms . "It could not be worse," Passini said respectfully. "There is nothing worse than war." "Defeat is worse." "I do not believe it," Passini said still respectfully. "What is defeat? You go home." "They come after you. They take your home. They take your sisters." The use of informal diction in A Farewell to Arms robs the passage of having a deeper meaning. helps to maintain the realism of the dialogue. lends an air of absurdity to the dialogue. reduces the readability of the passage. Read the excerpt from Hemingway's A Farewell to Arms . The major asked me to have a drink with him and two other officers. We drank rum and it was very friendly. Outside it was getting dark. I asked what time the attack was to be and they said as soon as it was dark. The casual behavior of the characters during a difficult time demonstrates Hemingway's belief that a hero should exhibit grace under pressure. recognize the meaningless of life. have a mentor to follow. learn from his mistakes. Read the excerpt from Hemingway's A Farewell to Arms . "I believe we should get the war over," I said. "It would not finish it if one side stopped fighting. It would only be worse if we stopped fighting." "It could not be worse," Passini said respectfully. "There is nothing worse than war." "Defeat is worse." "I do not believe it," Passini said still respectfully. "What is defeat? You go home." " They come after you. They take your home. They take your sisters." "I don't believe it," Passini said. "They can't do that to everybody. Let everybody

Wednesday, November 27, 2019

Multinational enterprises and their CSR initiatives in Nigerian oil sector The WritePass Journal

Multinational enterprises and their CSR initiatives in Nigerian oil sector Abstract Multinational enterprises and their CSR initiatives in Nigerian oil sector AbstractIntroductionResearch QuestionResearch ObjectivesLiterature ReviewResearch MethodologyReferencesRelated Abstract Nigeria is a country which is endowed with considerable energy reserves. The oil and gas reserves found are some of the largest in the entire world. Multinational companies have been involved in the exploration and transportation of crude oil and gas in the country. The Niger delta region is the main area where the country’s rich energy reserves are found. The conduct of multinational enterprises in the region has been criticized because of allegations that corruption, bribery, environmental mismanagement, environmental contamination, and human rights abuses are being perpetrated towards indigenous communities. As a consequence, multinational enterprises have engaged in corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives in order to create a better image while serving the needs of local communities. Introduction Nigeria is one of the leading producers of oil and gas in the world. It has oil reserves that are estimated to be around 35 billion barrels while it has 5 trillion cubic meters of gas reserves (Amaeshi et al, 2006: p. 67). Nigeria is a country that has more than 250 ethnic groups with over 500 languages being spoken in the country. Despite its huge energy reserves, the country remains poor with over two thirds of the people living in abject poverty. A total of six multinational organizations are operating in the Nigerian oil and gas sector. These companies are the Royal Dutch Shell, Chevron, Exxon-Mobil, Agip, Total, and Texaco.   The Niger Delta region is the main area where the oil exploration and production is being carried out by foreign enterprises (Beauchamp, 2003: p. 92). These foreign enterprises have been criticized for failing to take adequate measures that can alleviate the poverty and suffering of indigenous communities. There have been accusations of corruption, misman agement, environmental degradation, oil spills, contaminated water, and other problems in the region. As a consequence, there have been attempts by multinational enterprises to implement corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives in the region. However, the existing literature does not comment upon the different CSR practices of MNCs in Nigeria with respect to the local stakeholders and communities. This study will seek to investigate and assess the efficacy of the ethical practices by the multinational enterprises as they related to the empowerment and betterment of indigenous communities. Research Question The following research questions will be answered in this dissertation: What are the CSR strategies of multinational enterprises in Nigeria? What are the practical implications of CSR as it relates to improving the standards of living for local communities? Is CSR a genuine attempt to empower communities or is it a marketing strategy by multinationals? Research Objectives To study the similarities and differences of the CSR initiatives implemented by multinational enterprises in Nigeria To determine the efficacy of CSR initiatives with respect to community empowerment and development To study whether multinational enterprises in the Nigerian oil sector are genuinely concerned about empowering communities or such initiatives are simply marketing tools to improver the image of multinational enterprises Literature Review Corporate social responsibility is a term used to denote the actions and policies implemented by business organizations that are in accordance with ethical and legal principles. The goal of organizations is to implement self-regulation and align it with the overall business model. The goal is to ensure that organizations can integrate ethics into their business model (Carroll, 2006: p. 76). A series of high profile business scandals in the past decades has meant that governments are now seeking to regulate the business environment through legislation that promotes transparency and accountability. Additionally, the customer segments are highly conscious about the business activities of enterprises because the latter must be able to demonstrate ethical behaviors in accordance with their actions. Alternatively, organizations are seeking to reduce the costs of complying with legislation by implementing CSR initiatives so that they can achieve efficiency and effectiveness. A number of theoretical approaches towards CSR have been developed in order to help organizations take responsibility for their actions while encouraging positive impact upon the environment, consumers, employees, and other key stakeholders. Corporate philanthropy is a CSR theoretical model which calls for providing monetary donations and aid to different communities. Such donations can come in specific areas like social welfare, environment, housing, health, and others (Carroll, 2006: p. 71).   The limitations of such a model are that it does not address the root causes of poverty and other problems in local communities. Another theory is that CSR should be combined with the overall business strategy. This theory seeks to help local communities by recruiting locals and training them so that they can upgrade their skills. Enterprises create support for local industries through mutually beneficial relationships. Another theory focuses on creating shared value because it believes that social welfare is directly linked with business success. It recommends organizations to focus on sustainable development as well as a skilled workforce so that efficiency can be attained (Carroll, 2006: p. 79). There is still a gap in the existing literature as to whether CSR can really bring positive benefits to local communities and other key stakeholders. The Nigerian oil sector has been dominated by multinationals which have been accused of environmental degradation, corruption, human rights violations, and other abuses. As a consequence, they have sought to improve this by focusing on corporate social responsibility initiatives. Some studies argue that CSR is a process which involves organizations taking responsibility for their actions and ensuring that they can create a positive impact through their activities on th e environment (Blunt Richard, 2006: p. 169). Other studies have disputed this as they argue that organizations operate on the principle of profit maximization. Research Methodology Qualitative research has been selected for this dissertation because it helps to investigate the reasons behind any particular phenomenon. This is suitable for this dissertation because the aim is to study corporate social responsibility and its efficacy in Nigeria. Quantitative research has not been selected because there is no need for statistics and figures in this dissertation. The data will be collected from primary and secondary sources. Primary data will be collected through a survey that will be sent to top managers of multinational companies working in the Nigerian energy sector. The secondary data will be collected through studies that focus on CSR and its efficacy. References Amaeshi, K, Adi, B, Ogbechie, C Amao, O. (2006) †Corporate Social Responsibility in Nigeria: Western Mimicry or Indigenous Influences?†. No. 39-2006, ICCSR Research Paper Series – ISSN 1479 – 5124, The University of Nottingham. Beauchamp, T. (2003) â€Å"Case studies in Business, Society and Ethics†. 5th ed†. Pearson, Prentice Hall. Blunt, P, Jones, M Richard , D. (2006) â€Å"Managing organizations in Africa†. Walter de Gruyter, pp.169-171. Carroll, A. (2006) â€Å"The Pyramid of Corporate Social Responsibility: Toward the Moral Management of Organizational Stakeholders†. Business Horizons, July-August 1991.

Saturday, November 23, 2019

How To Set Deadlines To Make Your Team More Efficient

How To Set Deadlines To Make Your Team More Efficient Youre blogging for obvious reasons: Your  blog is a really powerful tool. On one hand, it acts as an SEO tool to bring your business website more traffic, while on the other, it provides useful information that helps establish your brand and build trust. And that helps turn your readers into paying customers. But blog posts are comprised of multiple components, so they require multiple people- or for one person to wear many hats- in order for the right keywords, ideas, text, images, and marketing to come together and work  as a cohesive unit. So how to set deadlines and work as a collaborative team to create awesome content is a challenge. But heres exactly how you can rock a content creation process that works for your team- from how to set deadlines and assign  roles to actually creating  the collaborative blog post. How To Set Deadlines To Make You (And Your Team) More Efficient via @titanwebagency1. Establish Blogging Goals And Guidelines Before you start blogging, you need to establish goals for your blogging team so they have some guiding principles that will inform their work. What do you hope to accomplish with your blog? Some examples of good goals for a blog are: Increase organic traffic to website as part of a comprehensive content marketing campaign. Build your organization’s reputation as a trusted source of information in your industry. Connect with potential customers in your target audience. Create original material to publish to social media outlets. In addition to establishing some broad goals, such as getting more Web traffic, you should also have some specific blogging guidelines for your team. Some examples of these might include: How many words each post should have. How many links/images/keyword uses/etc. each post should have. How often blog posts need to be published (editorial calendar). Where to find appropriate images for the blog. Writing tone/grammar/style guidelines. Information about the target audience you are writing for. By establishing goals and guidelines for your blog, you create a foundation that will help shape your blog and ensure that all team members are on the same page. If everyone on the team understands what you hope to accomplish with your blog and how you want them to do it, this will eliminate the need for extensive rewriting, editing, and other issues down the road. Start #blogging by turning your goals into #blog posts. #contentmarketing2. Make Sure Everyone Knows Their Role When you imagine how a blog post is created, you might think of a single person, typing away in solitude- the blogger. However, effective business blog posts often require several people to work together in a collaborative environment. Usually, it’s most effective for the roles to be split between two or three people, though sometimes one (very busy!) person may fulfill all roles. Here are some of typical roles that go into blog post creation: Project manager: This person assigns all tasks and sets deadlines. Topic and keyword generator: This person is responsible for finding blog topics and doing research to determine the best keywords and title to use. This person may also be the project manager. Content writer: This person is responsible for writing the content, which should incorporate the ideas, keywords, title, etc., as given to them by the project manager or topic/keyword generator. Content editor: This person checks and fixes the content’s grammar before the post is published. Image-finder and blog publisher: The accompanying images (and image tags) are essential for a good blog post. Someone must be responsible for finding these images and securing the necessary copyrights. This same person is often also in charge of actually posting the blog (typically using a content management system  like  WordPress) and making sure everything looks as it should. Promoter: A blog post is not worth much if no one ever reads it. Someone needs to promote your blog on social media, posting links to it across different sites and social media platforms. These marketing team roles may differ somewhat from one team to the next, but the point is that everyone involved is responsible for a particular task so that nothing gets left by the wayside. Make sure everyone involved in #blogging is responsible for a particular task so nothing is missed.It’s also good to have team members that can fulfill multiple roles if needed. For example, if your main writer is out of town one week, the editor should be able to step in and fulfill her role. 3. Set Deadlines Your Team Can- And Will- Actually Meet Everything youve done so far- setting goals, guidelines, and roles- has led up to how to set deadlines that are realistic and achievable for your team. Once everyone knows their role in creating a blog post, you need to set deadlines to make sure each team member actually completes their assigned task, and that they do so in a timely matter. After all, you should be publishing a new blog post every one to two weeks, so timeliness is key. In today’s mostly virtual workplace, the best way to set deadlines and make sure everyone is on task is by using  a project management tool like . With , you can manage all communications regarding the blog in one place, and ensure all tasks and subtasks are completed on time. helps teams collaborate together on content marketing projects like blogging, social media, and events. The tool allows teams to assign different tasks to multiple people working on a given project, while minimizing the use of email. You can use to assign tasks and deadlines to your entire team.  This is an actual example of the workflow we use at ! Based on role, you can customize your workflow, set deadlines for each team members unique tasks, and comment back and forth to the team right in . What Does A Successful Collaborative Blog Post Look Like? So, you’ve put together a team and they’ve started to publish blogs. But how do you know if these blogs are any good? Well first, you’ve got to make sure they have specific instructions. All of our writers know exactly what is expected with each blog post, including, but not limited to: Word count Tone of article Number of inbound and outbound links Types of images to use And more†¦. Think of the things youd have to include in a perfect Write For Us page. Let’s dive into it a bit deeper. Okay, so, what qualities do effective blog posts have? Good blog posts have multiple visuals. Custom images, illustrative screenshots, and photographs of real people are best (as opposed to stock photos). The guidelines for our writers specify how many images, and the types of images that are appropriate for the blog post. Good blog posts are easy to read. Content should be broken down into multiple sections with multiple headers and sub-headers. Bullet points and numbered lists are much easier to read than a big wall-o-text. Good blog posts are optimized for SEO. Posts will integrate keyword research in a natural, organic way. Good blog posts have links. Make sure your blog post links to other resources for further reading, including previous blog posts you’ve published. Where possible, you should also link to studies and statistics that reinforce the points you make in your blog. Good blog posts are original and engaging. This means that they shouldn’t have any re-hashed content from other blogs. They need to have original ideas and be written in a fresh, engaging manner. Good blog posts have proper grammar. If you want your blog to be successful, a blog post with bad grammar is simply unacceptable. Make sure all writers and editors are up to par and don’t have sloppy writing habits. Good blog posts have great titles. Having a catchy title is crucial if you want your blog to do well on search engines. If you need help you can use a headline analyzer or a blog topic generator. Don’t Forget About Guest Blogging While not every blog post will require a guest blogger, this is another important role that makes your blog a group effort. As a guest blogger- someone who writes a post for a website other than their own- I am able to gain exposure and Web traffic for my business through new outlets, and allow new audiences to get to know me. Another great thing about guest blogging is that it is a two-way street, meaning that I often receive a guest blog post from the site I’m writing one for. This helps me meet my own content needs and also get some fresh and interesting perspectives for my blog. This is a great way to divvy up the work for your team, which puts a little less strain on some of your deadlines. Remember: Your Blog Is A Work In Progress Having one good blog post is certainly an accomplishment, but in order for your blog make a lasting impact that furthers your organization’s goals, you need to publish great blog posts on a regular basis. That means knowing how to set deadlines each team member meets.

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Innocence and Experience Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Innocence and Experience - Research Paper Example Innocence asks of a man to remain aloof of the different things that take place around him. However this innocence could be taken in an entirely negative way if the individual does not quite understand the norms and procedures around him. Experience teaches him to comprehend how innocence could be turned into a point where the individual become mature and therefore represents maturity on a consistent basis. Innocence and experience form essential ingredients of a psychological domain that is closely tied in with the thread that derives the basis of life (of a man). Psychology asks of the person to understand the innate characteristics that basically hamper the very basis of his life time and again. These issues can also benefit him in the long run if he gets the hang of following the set dictum in a methodical manner. Therefore it is important to understand how life can be represented in a manner that entails both innocence and experience within it in an abundant capacity. Innocence is usually associated with individuals who are known to be immature or lack the authority to have their say. However this could be held in a very negative way as well. Children are usually known to be innocent because they lack the freedom to make sound decisions and assert their own selves in an out and out fashion. This is essentially true because children are indeed very innocent and they do not actually get the hang of a lot of things that are happening around them (Bridges 1993). Children look up to their elders so that the latter could offer them with the muc h needed experience in order to change the course of their lives, for the better. Experience is deemed as important as it can be decisive in understanding the life’s crucial decisions. Experience is also pivotal because it can differentiate the innocent feelings of the different people from a rational discourse which they might have within the distinctive undertakings of their lives.